Tsim Cov Lus Qhia Rau Kev Siv Cov Tsav Tsheb Hauv Lub Rooj Sib Tham
Aug 09, 2024
Tso lus
Daim ntawv qhia peb-ntu piav qhia txog yuav ua li cas xaiv tus neeg tsav tsheb sib cais uas tsim nyog rau kev hloov hluav taws xob hauv cov ntawv thov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab qhia txog kev ua tau zoo. Kab lus no yog thawj feem, feem ntau suav nrog kev qhia thiab xaiv cov lus qhia ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb sib cais.
Qhov chaw nyob ntawm kab lus no:
ON Semiconductor cov neeg tsav tsheb sib cais yog tsim los ua kom tau raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev hloov pauv ceev thiab cov kev txwv loj uas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis xws li SiC (silicon carbide) thiab GaN (gallium nitride) los muab kev tswj xyuas zoo ntawm MOSFETs. Ntau tus tsim qauv hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob hluav taws xob muaj kev paub dhau los ua haujlwm nrog Si MOSFETs, SiC thiab GaN MOSFETs thiab yog cov kws tshaj lij cov neeg siv khoom. Cov neeg tsim khoom lag luam xav tau nce ntxiv hauv kev txhim kho lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm lawv cov qauv tsim. Txhawm rau ua tiav txoj haujlwm ua lag luam, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob siab thiab tus nqi qis yog qhov tseem ceeb. Los ntawm kev xav ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor, thaj chaw tau ua tiav qhov tseem ceeb, thiab tam sim no muaj cov khoom lag luam muaj peev xwm hloov pauv ntawm kev kub ceev, yog li ua kom cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tau zoo thaum txo qhov loj me.
Isolated Gate Drivers--Lawv yog dab tsi, vim li cas lawv siv thiab lawv ua haujlwm li cas?
Fais fab MOSFETs yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tswj hluav taws xob siv los hloov cov khoom hauv lub zog hluav taws xob, lub cev muaj zog, thiab lwm yam. Lub rooj vag yog qhov hluav taws xob tswj lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm txhua lub cuab yeej. Lwm cov terminals ntawm MOSFET yog qhov chaw thiab ntws.
Txhawm rau ua haujlwm MOSFET, qhov hluav taws xob feem ntau yuav tsum tau siv rau lub rooj vag (tsis yog qhov chaw lossis emitter). Ib tus neeg tsav tsheb tshwj xeeb yog siv los siv hluav taws xob rau lub rooj vag ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab muab cov tsav tam sim no.
Cov neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj vag yog siv los qhib thiab tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tus neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj vag tsub lub rooj vag ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob mus rau qhov kawg tig-on voltage VGS (ON), lossis tus tsav tsheb hluav taws xob tawm lub rooj vag mus rau qhov kawg tig-tawm voltage VGS (OFF). Txhawm rau hloov pauv ntawm ob lub rooj vag voltage, qee lub zog yog dissipated nyob rau hauv lub voj ntawm lub rooj vag tsav tsheb, rooj vag resistor, thiab lub zog ntaus ntawv.
Niaj hnub no, high-frequency converters rau tsawg- thiab nruab nrab-power daim ntaub ntawv feem ntau siv lub rooj vag voltage tswj li xws li MOSFETs.
Rau cov kev siv hluav taws xob siab, cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws tam sim no siv yog silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs, uas yuav tsum tau muaj zog tsav tam sim no kom ceev / tua cov hluav taws xob hloov. Cov neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj vag tsis yog tsuas yog haum rau MOSFETs, tab sis kuj rau cov cuab yeej tshiab hauv qhov dav bandgap uas tsuas yog ob peb tus neeg tam sim no paub txog, xws li silicon carbide (SiC) FETs thiab gallium nitride (GaN) FETs.
Tus neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj vag yog lub hwj chim amplifier uas lees txais cov tswv yim los ntawm IC maub los thiab tsim kom muaj qhov tsim nyog tam sim no los tsav lub rooj vag ntawm lub zog hloov khoom siv.
Cov hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus luv luv ntawm cov laj thawj ntawm kev siv lub rooj vag tsav tsheb:
Rooj vag tsav impedance
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj vag yog qhib thiab tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sai sai kom txo tau qhov poob. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam los ntawm Miller cov txiaj ntsig lossis kev hloov qeeb hauv qee qhov kev thauj khoom, tus neeg tsav tsheb yuav tsum tsim kom muaj lub xeev off-state nrog qis impedance dua li ntawm lub xeev ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam transistor. Tsis zoo lub rooj vag tsav margin plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txo cov kev poob no.
Qhov chaw inductance
Qhov no yog lub inductance sib koom los ntawm lub rooj vag tsav tsheb tam sim no voj thiab cov zis tam sim no voj. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub qhov rooj tsav hluav taws xob ua ke nrog cov khoom siv lead ua inductance muaj qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev hloov ceev ntawm cov zis hauv qab load, uas yog qhov cuam tshuam qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov inductance (qhov chaw lead inductance ob peb cov zis hloov tam sim no rov qab rau lub rooj vag tsav, yog li ntawd. qeeb lub rooj vag tsav).
Tus neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj vag siv lub teeb liab hluav taws xob (VGS) ntawm lub rooj vag (G) thiab qhov chaw (S) ntawm lub zog MOSFET thaum xa cov mem tes siab tam sim no, raws li pom hauv daim duab 1.
· Pab kom them sai sai / tso tawm ntawm CGS thiab CGD
· Ceev ceev rau / tawm fais fab MOSFET
Daim duab 1. Rooj vag tsav txoj kev tam sim no
Vim li cas Galvanic Isolation?
Kev siv hluav taws xob siab yuav tsum muaj kev sib cais ntawm galvanic los tiv thaiv kev phom sij hauv av los ntawm kev tshwm sim, uas tuaj yeem ua suab nrov, ua rau thaj tsam ntawm ob lub voj voog sib txawv thiab yog li cuam tshuam kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub cev. Cov dej ntws hauv cov tshuab no tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg tuag taus, yog li yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb siab tshaj plaws. Hluav taws xob lossis galvanic cais yog hais txog lub xeev uas tsis muaj DC tam sim no ncig ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv.
Ntau qhov tseeb, nyob rau hauv lub xeev kev sib cais ntawm galvanic, nws tsis tuaj yeem txav cov neeg nqa khoom los ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov, tab sis lub zog hluav taws xob (lossis cov cim qhia) tseem tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm lwm yam tshwm sim ntawm lub cev xws li electromagnetic induction, capacitive coupling, lossis lub teeb. Cov mob no yog sib npaug rau qhov tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus; Hauv kev xyaum, kev tawm tsam txog li 100 MΩ txaus. Yog tias qhov kev puas tsuaj raug txwv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev sib cais kev nyab xeeb yuav tsis tsim nyog, tab sis yog tias tib neeg kev ua ub no koom nrog rau sab tswj, kev sib cais galvanic yuav tsum tau nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub zog siab thiab qis voltage tswj Circuit Court. Nws tiv thaiv txhua qhov kev ua txhaum ntawm sab hluav taws xob siab, vim tias txawm tias muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv, qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv lub zog los ntawm kev ncav cuag tus neeg siv. Kev rho tawm yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov koom haum tswj hwm thiab cov ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb los tiv thaiv kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws xob poob. Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov laj thawj rau kev siv thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais galvanic hauv ntau daim ntawv thov hluav taws xob.
· Tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob siab uas ua rau cov khoom puas tsuaj lossis ua rau tib neeg muaj kev phom sij.
· Tiv thaiv cov maub los kim - cov tshuab ntse
· Ua siab ntev qhov sib txawv loj thiab kev puas tsuaj hauv av hauv circuits nrog lub zog siab lossis kev sib cais ntev
· Txhim khu kev sib txuas lus nrog high-sab Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv high-voltage high-kev ua tau zoo
Kev daws teeb meem
Daim duab 2. Tsis nyob ib leeg thiab nyob ib leeg
Isolated Gate Driver Selection Guide
Cov hauv qab no piav qhia yuav ua li cas xaiv tus neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj vag sib cais. Piv txwv li, rau lub kaw lus nrog lub zog ua haujlwm qis, cov khoom siv hloov pauv tuaj yeem txuas ncaj qha mus rau tus maub los ntev npaum li tus maub los tiv thaiv qhov hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv qhov kev tso cai. Txawm li cas los xij, tus neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj vag yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv feem ntau lub zog hloov hluav taws xob. Txij li thaum tswj Circuit Court ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob, tus maub los tsis tuaj yeem muab lub zog txaus kom sai thiab nyab xeeb qhib lossis kaw lub hwj chim hloov. Yog li ntawd, tus tswj lub teeb liab raug xa mus rau lub rooj tsav tsheb, uas tuaj yeem tiv taus lub zog siab dua thiab tuaj yeem tsav lub rooj vag ntawm MOSFET raws li xav tau. Hauv kev siv hluav taws xob lossis hluav taws xob high-voltage, cov khoom siv hauv Circuit Court yog raug rau cov kev tawm mus rau qhov hluav taws xob loj thiab cov hluav taws xob siab. Yog tias tam sim no ntws los ntawm lub hwj chim MOSFET mus rau qhov kev tswj xyuas, qhov hluav taws xob siab thiab tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub zog hloov hluav taws xob tau yooj yim hlawv tawm ntawm lub transistor, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj ntawm cov tswj Circuit Court. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv hluav taws xob siab yuav tsum muaj kev sib cais galvanic ntawm cov tswv yim thiab cov khoom siv los tiv thaiv cov neeg siv thiab lwm yam khoom siv.
Rooj vag Tsav Voltage Range
Kev khiav hauj lwm voltage ntawm lub converter nyob ntawm cov specifications ntawm lub switching caij (xws li Si MOSFET los yog SiC MOSFET). Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lub converter tso zis voltage tsis tshaj tus nqi siab tshaj ntawm lub rooj vag voltage ntawm lub switching caij.
Qhov zoo voltage ntawm tus tsav lub rooj vag yuav tsum siab txaus kom ntseeg tau tias lub qhov rooj qhib tag nrho. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias qhov hluav taws xob tsav tsis tshaj qhov siab tshaj qhov rooj vag voltage. Si-MOSFETs feem ntau siv lub zog tsav ntawm +12V, +15V feem ntau yog siv los tsav SiC, thiab lub qhov rooj voltage rau GaN yog +5V. A 0-V rooj vag voltage tuaj yeem khaws txhua yam khoom siv hauv lub xeev tawm. Feem ntau hais lus, MOSFETs tsis tas yuav muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub rooj tsav tsheb, uas qee zaum siv rau SiC thiab GaN MOSFETs. Hauv kev hloov cov ntawv thov, nws raug nquahu kom siv qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub rooj vag tsav rau SiC thiab GaN MOSFETs vim cov kab mob parasitic inductance qhia los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm PCB layout thaum lub sij hawm siab di / dt thiab dv / dt hloov tuaj yeem ua rau lub suab nrov hauv lub rooj vag-qhov chaw tsav voltage ntawm lub zog transistor. Cov hauv qab no yog siv lub rooj vag tsav voltages rau txhua qhov hloov khoom siv.
Kev muaj peev xwm cais tawm
Qhov peev xwm no yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm voltage ntawm qhov system. Lub kaw lus kev khiav hauj lwm voltage yog ncaj qha proportional rau lub peev xwm cais. Ib qho ntawm cov tsis tseem ceeb ntawm tus tsav tsheb sib cais yog nws qhov kev ntsuas hluav taws xob cais tawm. Kev ntsuas kev sib cais yog tsim los tiv thaiv qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm qhov hluav taws xob hloov pauv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lwm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas nrog lub zog hluav taws xob, yog li muaj qhov raug cais tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv tus neeg siv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam tam sim no. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no tiv thaiv cov teeb liab nyob rau hauv lub converter los ntawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm lub suab nrov los yog kev npaj txhij txog-hom voltage transients. Tus nqi rho tawm feem ntau yog qhia raws li tus nqi ntawm qhov hluav taws xob uas qhov thaiv kev sib cais tuaj yeem tiv taus. Nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv tus neeg tsav tsheb cais tawm, qhov kev rho tawm hluav taws xob tau teev tseg raws li qhov tsis muaj xws li qhov siab tshaj qhov rov ua haujlwm siab tshaj qhov kev rho tawm hluav taws xob (VIORM), ua haujlwm cais tawm hluav taws xob (VIOWM), qhov siab tshaj plaws hloov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob (VIOTM), qhov siab tshaj qhov hluav taws xob sib cais (VIOSM), thiab RMS Kev sib cais voltage (VISO). Qhov siab dua qhov kev khiav hauj lwm voltage, qhov siab dua qhov kev sib cais ntawm lub converter yuav tsum tau.
ON Semiconductor's cais cov tsav tsheb yog tsim los ntawm MPS tester (qauv MSPS-20).
Kev rho tawm capacitance
Qhov kev sib cais capacitance yog parasitic capacitance ntawm lub tswv yim thiab cov zis sab ntawm converter. Los ntawm cov qauv hauv qab no, peb tuaj yeem pom tias qhov kev sib cais capacitance yog proportional rau cov xau tam sim no.
Ntawm lawv: Ileak: leakage tam sim no, fS: kev khiav hauj lwm zaus, CISO: cais capacitance. VSYS: kev khiav hauj lwm voltage
Fais fab poob yog proportional rau to tam sim no. Yog hais tias lub kaw lus xav tau kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm zaus thiab high voltage, peb yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau qhov loj ntawm lub converter cais capacitance kom tsis txhob muaj kub ntau dhau.
Common-mode transient immunity (CMTI)
Common-mode transient immunity (CMTI) yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg tsav tsheb sib cais, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub kaw lus ua haujlwm ntawm kev hloov pauv ntau zaus. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim hais tias siab slew npaum li cas (siab zaus) transients tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov ntaub ntawv xa mus thoob plaws qhov kev sib cais. Lub capacitance thoob plaws qhov kev sib cais barrier (piv txwv li, nruab nrab ntawm kev sib cais hauv av dav hlau) muab txoj hauv kev rau cov kev hloov pauv sai no kom hla qhov kev sib cais thiab cuam tshuam cov zis waveform. Chav tsev ntawm tus yam ntxwv parameter no feem ntau yog kV/uS.
Yog tias CMTI tsis siab txaus, lub suab nrov muaj zog tuaj yeem ua ob peb hla tus neeg tsav tsheb sib cais, tsim lub voj voog tam sim no thiab ua rau tus nqi tshwm sim ntawm lub qhov rooj hloov. Qhov kev them nqi no, yog tias loj txaus, tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg tsav tsheb lub rooj sib tham tsis yog lub suab nrov no raws li lub teeb liab tsav, thiab qhov kev tua no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis ua haujlwm loj.
Kev txiav txim siab txog kev muaj peev xwm tsav tam sim no
Qhov siab dua lub rooj vag tam sim no uas tuaj yeem tau txais los / poob rau hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, lub sijhawm hloov ntawm lub rooj vag tsav tsheb luv dua thiab qis dua qhov kev hloov hluav taws xob poob hauv qhov tsav transistor.
Lub ncov qhov chaw thiab dab dej tam sim no (ISOURCE thiab ISINK) yuav tsum siab tshaj qhov nruab nrab tam sim no (IG, AV), raws li qhia hauv daim duab 3.
Daim duab 3. Tam sim no tsav muaj peev xwm txhais
Rau txhua tus neeg tsav tsheb tam sim no ntsuas, kwv yees qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub rooj vag QG uas tuaj yeem hloov tau thaum lub sijhawm qhia tuaj yeem suav tau raws li hauv qab no: Tus neeg tsav tsheb yuav tsum tau ntsuas tam sim no nyob ntawm seb tus nqi rooj vag QG yuav tsum tau txav mus rau lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntau npaum li cas tSW−ON / OFF, txij li lub rooj vag nruab nrab tam sim no thaum hloov pauv yog IG.
Qhov twg tSW, ON / OFF sawv cev rau MOSFET sai npaum li cas yuav tsum tau hloov. Yog tias tsis paub, pib nrog 2% ntawm lub sijhawm hloov pauv tSW.
Kwv yees lub rooj vag tsav tsheb qhov chaw siab tshaj thiab lub dab dej tam sim no tuaj yeem suav nrog siv cov qauv hauv qab no.
On (Qhov chaw tam sim no)
Thaum tawm (sinking tam sim no)
Qhov twg QG yog tus nqi rooj vag ntawm VGS=VCC, tSW, ON/OFF=hloov lub sijhawm / tawm, 1. thiab parasitic Cheebtsam)
Rooj vag Resistor Considerations
Thaum sizing lub rooj vag resistor, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau txiav txim siab txo cov ringing voltage tshwm sim los ntawm parasitic inductance thiab capacitance. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav txwv tsis pub muaj peev xwm tam sim no ntawm lub qhov rooj tsav tsheb tso zis. Lub peev xwm tam sim no txwv qhov tseem ceeb vim qhov tig-rau thiab tig-tawm rooj vag resistors tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov qauv hauv qab no.
Ntawm lawv: ISOOURCE: ncov qhov tam sim no, ISINK: ncov dab dej tam sim no, VOH: qib siab tso zis hluav taws xob poob, VOL: qib qis tso zis voltage poob
ON Semiconductor's Isolated Gate Drivers
ON Semiconductor muaj ntau yam ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb sib cais raws li kev sib txuas sib nqus sib txuas ua ke coreless transformers, haum rau cov ntawv thov qhov kev hloov pauv ceev heev thiab qhov system loj txwv tsis pub muaj, thiab tuaj yeem tswj tau Si MOSFETs thiab SiC FETs.
Peb muab cov khoom siv ua haujlwm thiab txhawb kev cais tawm tau lees paub rau UL 1577, SGS FIMKO IEC 62368-1, thiab CQC GB 4943.1. Peb cov neeg tsav tsheb sib cais muaj xws li ob qho tib si kev lag luam thiab tsheb tau ntawv pov thawj cov khoom.
Cov neeg tsav tsheb sib cais no sib koom ua ke ntau yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv kom tiv taus siab CMTI qib, muaj ntau yam kev xaiv UVLO, thiab muab kev nthuav tawm sai sai (nrog rau kev ncua luv luv tsis sib haum) thiab qhov sib txawv me me ntawm pulse dav distortion.
Tshwj xeeb, ON Semiconductor cov khoom tshiab yuav los tom ntej yuav muab txoj hauv kev yooj yim los tsim kev tsis zoo ntawm lub rooj vag tsav lub voj, tsim nyog rau kev tsav tsheb SiC MOSFETs. Qhov kev tsis zoo tsis zoo no muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias PCB layout thiab / lossis pob ua rau tsim lub suab nrov hauv lub zog transistor Vg. Lub rooj vag voltage ringing feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv siab di / dt thiab dv / dt hloov tej yam kev mob. Txhawm rau kom lub suab nrov hauv qab qhov chaw pib qhov hluav taws xob los tiv thaiv spurious tig-on, ib qho kev tsis zoo yog feem ntau siv rau lub rooj tsav tsheb. Muaj kev xaiv sib txawv los tsim -2V, -3V, -4V thiab -5V kom haum rau txhua qhov kev teeb tsa. ON Semiconductor tus tsav tsheb sib cais muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom kev xaiv pob, suav nrog cov LGA me me thiab SOIC 8-pin rau 16-pin variants.
Hauv qab no yog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, cov lus qhia hluav taws xob thiab cov ntawv pov thawj txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm ON Semiconductor cais lub rooj tsav tsheb tsev neeg.
Table 1.
- Hauv kev txhim kho
- Yeem, muaj nyob ntawm kev thov
- Npaj
Isolated gate driver support tools
Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv muaj feem xyuam rau cov neeg tsav tsheb sib cais galvanic muaj nyob rau ntawm ON Semiconductor homepage, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv, cov cuab yeej tsim thiab kev tsim kho, cov qauv simulation, cov ntawv thov, cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam xyuas, cov ntaub ntawv ua raws, thiab lwm yam.
Cov tsav tsheb tseem ceeb muaj xws li:
● NCP51560
● NCP51561 和 NCV51561
● NCP51563 和 NCV51563